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                                   NDRs                                       

             Size (recs) CRC   Version    Author/Latest Issue      Disk
              n/a  n/a   n/a   n/a        n/a                      Z3HLP1

  1- Overview  2- Memory-Based NDRs  3- Help File                             

   The Named Directory concept  under  ZCPR3  is  an association of a mnemonic
name with  a  logical  directory,  which  is  a disk and user area.  With this 
facility, the user is permitted to refer to any directory  by a mnemonic name,
and this  greatly improves  the user interface  over having  to remember  disk 
letters and numbers.
:1

Overview:
   
   Under ZCPR3,  an environment  can  be set  up  in which  the following name 
assignments are made:
                         A15: = ROOT         A0:  = BASE
                         B0:  = BBASE        B1:  = JEFF
                         B2:  = ROBERT       B3:  = LINDA

     With  the named directory facility enabled, the ZCPR3 utilities can refer
to these directories  by either the DU: form  (disk and user number) or by the 
name:
          XDIR ROOT:  is the same as  XDIR A15:


Overview (continued):

   Most of the  ZCPR3 utilities recognize named directories if the facility is
enabled, and, since these utilities function to provide interfaces between the
directories,  they   create  a   good  working  environment  for  use  of  the 
conventional  CP/M utilities  as well.  In  other  words,  the ZCPR3 utilities 
which can deal with  named  directories are the only utilities  with which one 
should  cross  directory  boundaries  in   a  ZCPR3  system  and  conventional 
utilities, like  an  editor  or  an assembler,  should  be  used  in  only one 
directory and deal with files in the current  directory and on  drive A in the 
same user number (A$ in the vernacular).

     Many  ZCPR3  tools  are  provided to act as a bridge between directories,
and they were created with this purpose in mind.   Commonly-used functions had 
to be made available to the ZCPR3 user to provide this bridge;  such functions
include:


Overview (continued):

          o File
               Copying
               Renaming
               Erasing
               Unerasing
               Protecting
               Typing to Console
               Printing to Printer
               Search

          o Directory Display




Overview (continued):

   For instance, to  edit  a file in the ZCPR directory with Word Master, copy
the file into a working directory which has the WM.HLP file in A:  in the same
user area and edit there.  Then copy it back when done:

          B1>mcopy b1:=zcpr:file.txt
               ...
          B1>wm file.txt
               ...
          B1>mcopy zcpr:=file.txt



Overview (continued):

     Many commercial programs,  like  Word  Master and  WordStar,  are already
programmed to look on A:  if they do not find  the  overlay  they  need in the 
current  directory.  Word Master,  for  instance,  has  a  WM.HLP  file  which 
provides online documentation, and  by  working  on  drive B: in the same user
that  a  WM.HLP file exists  on A:, if  a user asks for Help, Word Master will 
find it.

   Named Directories  can provide  a  more human-oriented working environment.
The user need no longer remember that his  commands are in  directory A15:  -- 
he need only remember that ROOT contains his commands, HELP contains  his help 
files, ROBERT is his name and that is where he places the files he is  working
on, BDSC is where his C compiler is, etc.


Overview (continued):

   Named Directories are supported by the ZCPR3 utilities and by ZCPR3 itself.
Several utilities  are  specifically  designed to deal with Named Directories, 
and the rest of the utilities  can  access  Named Directories  manipulated  by 
these and use them.

   The ZCPR3 utilities which deal directly with Named Directories are:

        MKDIR   -- creates a Named Directory
        PWD     -- prints Working Directory and all NDRs
        CD      -- logs into a Named Directory
        EDITND  -- edits the system Named Directory
        SAVNDR  -- writes a reloadable copy of the resident
                     NDR module to a disk file
        NAME    -- renames or deletes a Named Directory
:2

 Memory-Based Named Directories 

   Named Directories are implemented by loading a *.NDR file created  by MKDIR 
into  the  ZCPR3  memory  buffer  reserved  to  contain  the  named  directory 
definition.  Once loaded,  all  directory-to-DU associations  in  the file are 
made effective, and any ZCPR3 command can make use of them.

   One of  the many  purposes of LDR is to load a *.NDR file into memory.  LDR 
recognizes the NDR file  type  to refer to named directory files, and it loads 
the file, doing  a  quick format  check  to  ensure that  it is  a valid named 
directory file.
:3

                                 NDIRS.HLP

             Size (recs) CRC   Version    Author/Latest Issue      Disk
              16k (123)  A2E8  n/a        n/a                      Z3HLP1
==============================================================================

   Z-System HELP file for Named Directories.

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