AAII Program #3 Stock Statistics (STATS) (c) Copyright 1982 by the American Association of Individual Investors For a single stock, the program will give annual standard deviation, annual variance, arithmetic mean, and geometric mean rate of return. The time intervals between prices should be equivalent, and the program will ask if it is annual, quarterly, or monthly data. A minimum of five prices is suggested. Since price changes are measured, five prices give four readings. If a second stock or market index is also given, the program will give Alpha, Beta, R, and R-squared. Alpha is the annual yield in excess of the average market yield. Beta is an index of volatility relative to the market average of 1.00. R is the correlation between price changes of the stock and the market as a whole. R-squared (coefficient of determination indicates the percent of the stock's volatility (risk) explained by movement of the market as a whole. For the market figure, any market index (S&P, DJIA, M/G) can be used. S&P is most common in published betas. Most raw beta figures are adjusted for regression bias. We use the adjustment suggested by Marshall Blume. This program can also be used to check the correlation between two stocks. Simply put in the price of the second stock in place of the market figures. The R obtained is used in models to find efficiently diversified portfolios.